KPCC: Debate Flares Over Providing Wildlife Artificial Water Sources

The Mojave National Preserve — a stretch of protected desert northeast of Los Angeles — is currently reviewing its water management plan. One question officials are considering is whether to continue providing artificial water sources for desert wildlife.

As part of the Works Progress Administration, hundreds of concrete “drinkers” were installed across the desert in the 1940s. They’re giant concrete saucers that funnel rainwater into cisterns that animals drink from.  But after half a century in the desert sun, most of the drinkers are cracked and needing repairs.

A group called Water for Wildlife has voluntarily repaired these drinkers for years. Now debate is underway on whether these drinkers should be removed.

In nine years, Water for Wildlife’s Cliff McDonald and hundreds of volunteers have repaired about 100 of these drinkers. They come out for one weekend a month during winter and spring. They camp overnight, and little by little, they’re making progress.

“[One] particular drinker had not been working, so we repaired it, and within 60 days there was a tortoise coming out of it where he had just gotten a drink,” McDonald said. “That same tortoise was estimated to be about 60 years old, so he could have watched the guys build it 60 or 70 years ago.”

But even if quail, tortoises, and other desert animals like having easy spots to find water, not everyone agrees that these drinkers should be maintained.

“If you’re trying to manage just one part of an [ecosystem], then you can upset the functioning of the rest of the system,” said Terry Weiner, conservation coordinator with the Desert Protective Council. “The problem [with artificial water] is that it can become what we call an ‘attractive nuisance,’ and animals that would not be drawn to that area before will perhaps go there.”

Like many other environmental groups, Weiner’s organization worries that the drinkers interfere with a desert ecosystem that evolved to survive with limited water.

That’s exactly the argument the Mojave National Preserve is weighing now as it develops a new water management plan.

“From the scientific standpoint there’s really not a lot of evidence that artificial water is all that beneficial,” said Neal Darby, a wildlife biologist with the preserve. “We know animals use it, but we can’t say that if they didn’t have it they would all die. And that’s where the problem is, it’s a very difficult hypothesis to test,” he said.

It’s difficult to test because one possible outcome of taking away the drinkers is that desert wildlife could start to die off.

Humans have been in California’s deserts for centuries, and in many cases, settlers created artificial water sources for their cattle or crops, which wildlife eventually began to rely on too. Humans have also used up some natural water sources throughout the desert. That’s why McDonald and his volunteers say maintaining artificial water is important.

But some environmentalists call McDonald’s motivations into question.

“In too many cases we find the people who are really enthusiastic about establishing guzzlers throughout the desert are people who want to make sure the population of animals is such that the can keep hunting them,” said Weiner. “We’re not opposed to appropriate hunting, but having artificial water sources to artificially pump up the population of [animals] is not a good idea.”

Like many of his volunteers, McDonald does hunt. But, he says of the hundreds of species in the desert that use the drinkers, only a handful are of any interest to hunters. And, he says, keeping all of those wildlife populations thriving should be of interest to everyone.

“If I’m the general public and I do not hunt and I want to come out here to camp, I’d want to see flickers and warblers and blue jays, and they drink this water,” McDonald said.

McDonald also said that hunting licenses help pay for a lot of other environmental projects. Darby agrees.

“There’s not a lot of funding available,” said Darby. “These sportsman’s groups really step up to the plate and help [the Mojave National Preserve] get things done.”

What Darby, McDonald, and other environmental groups can all agree on, is that California’s desert ecosystems should be protected. The question is, whether giving wildlife unnatural sources of water really helps.

It’s a major debate, but it’s not enough slow down McDonald and his volunteers.

“My dad and I hunted together, we fished together and we saw a lot of wildlife. A lot of that wildlife was drinking out of a stream or drinking out of one of these artificial drinkers and I would like the future generations to be able to see that,” McDonald said.

But in drought years like this one, if wildlife can’t get water, McDonald isn’t sure that will be possible.

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WASHINGTON POST: Holi Festival a Hit Not Only Among Hindus

(RNS) India burst with color Monday (March 17), as Hindus observed the playful festival of Holi by dashing each other with brightly colored powder.Americans partake of the spring festival, too. But at the largest Holi festival in the United States, the majority of participants won’t be Hindus — they’ll be Mormons.

“In Utah, if you go anywhere and mention the Festival of Colors to anybody, they’ll know exactly what you’re talking about and their face will light up,” said Caru Das, priest at Radha Krishna Temple in Spanish Fork, Utah, and the main organizer of the town’s Holi celebration, known as the Festival of Colors, which will be celebrated this year on March 29 and 30.
Spanish Fork, about 10 miles south of Provo and Brigham Young University, has been home to a congregation of Hare Krishna devotees since 1982. They started hosting Holi celebrations in 1989. When festival organizers introduced rock bands into the mix, the thousands of young students up the road began to take notice. Das said the first few festivals had about 300 attendees; a few years later it was 3,000, then 10,000. In recent years, the numbers have been close to 70,000, spread out over two days.“It’s one of the biggest events” in the area, said Garrett Gray, a Mormon and a sophomore business management major at BYU. “I’d say a huge majority of students go.”

Festival organizers have found a niche serving young people who want to have fun, but without the alcohol or drug use associated with other kinds of rock concerts or large festivals, Das said.

“It kind of worked out ideally,” Das said. “They can actually express themselves spiritually without the taint of unwanted activities going on in the same venue.”

While Mormon students make up a large portion of the crowd at the Spanish Fork Festival of Colors, they are not the only demographic represented. Sonal Yadav moved to Utah to pursue a master’s in business administration at BYU. A Hindu, raised in New Delhi, she said Holi has always been her favorite holiday.

Yadav said she was thrilled to discover Spanish Fork had a Holi festival. “I went both days,” she said. “I had a blast. I really enjoyed myself!”

In India, most Hindus celebrate Holi with spontaneous games between friends or neighbors, so Yadav said Spanish Fork’s festival, which has a $3 admission fee, a concert stage and a formal countdown to kick off the color throwing, is not exactly like home. But the friendly and fun atmosphere, she said, is the same.

Yadav’s only criticism of the event, which celebrates renewal and love of the divine, is that some of the religious elements of the holiday seem to get lost in translation.

For example, she said the young Mormons at the festival happily chanted “Hare Rama, Hare Krishna,” the god the festival celebrates. But she added: “I would be surprised if those youngsters really knew what the festival was all about.”

Gray agreed that he and most of his friends were in the dark about the meaning behind the colors.

“To be honest, I really don’t know what it symbolizes for their religion, and I think the majority of people there feel that same way,” Gray said.

But Das said the intention of the festival is to create a welcoming space for people of all faiths. Das is continuing to grow his festivals to “let everyone experience this wonderful event.” The Festival of Colors, in its 25th year, now has events in seven cities across the Western U.S., including Las Vegas and Los Angeles. But Spanish Fork’s festival, with its surprising blend of Mormon and Hindu attendees, remains the largest.

“I imagine there’s probably a few people who would argue that it’s not consistent with our beliefs,” Gray said, “but for the most part, I love to embrace and appreciate all cultures and religions.”

Yadav said her Mormon peers have been very welcoming to her as a Hindu and she credits their cultural sensitivity with their missions work abroad.

She said she chose BYU because she wanted a school with strong family values, said that even after two years on the mostly Mormon campus, she feels her Hindu faith has only grown stronger. Having engaged in religious discussions with her classmates and attended a few Mormon services with her friends, she said she sees strong parallels between the religions.

“When you put colors on your face you cannot make out one from another who the person is,” she said. “Really, it’s the colors of brotherhood, love and friendship.”

Read this story on Washington Post 

(Photo courtesy of Caru Das, Utah Krishnas)

WASHINGTON POST: Hindus in New Jersey School District Want Day off for Diwali

Jyoti Sharma fondly remembers Diwali festivities from her childhood in India. The Hindu festival of lights is observed every autumn with prayers, fireworks and feasts. But one thing that made Diwali really special, Sharma said, is that she had five days off from school to observe the holiday.

Sharma now lives in Millburn, N.J., with her husband and two children. Together with scores of other parents, she is asking the Millburn Township School District to consider adding a day off for Diwali to the district’s calendar.

“We parents try very hard, but Diwali seems like no celebration to our kids,” Sharma said. “They go to school, they come home, they have homework, and it does not feel like a festival.”

Sharma’s effort is not the first of its kind. Twenty miles north of Millburn, the Passaic, N.J., School District established a day off for Diwali in 2005 in reaction to changing demographics. Indian-Americans are one of the fastest growing ethnic groups in the U.S. And the New York City metropolitan area, which includes northern New Jersey, is home to more than 500,000 Indian-Americans, the largest concentration in the country.

Sharma moved to New Jersey as an adult to pursue an engineering career. Her 13-year-old daughter and 7-year-old son were born in the U.S. Sharma teaches her children to speak Hindi at home and regularly makes a 20-mile trip to a Hindu Sunday school. Still, she worries her kids are growing up with confused identities.

Sharma said her son has come home from school asking questions posed by his classmates — if he’s not Christian or Jewish, then what is he?

“I think if the school granted the (Diwali) holiday, then his friends would know, ‘OK, you are a Hindu,’” she said.

Glen Epley, professor of education at Stetson University in DeLand, Fla., said religious questions are nothing new for public schools. And school systems, he said, do not take these issues lightly.

A few landmark court cases have established that public schools cannot observe religious holidays or show preferential treatment to one faith. But that doesn’t make decisions much simpler when it comes to religion in schools, Epley said. “What one person sees as neutral, another might see as hostile.”

Read the rest of this story on Washington Post

(Photo courtesy of Jyoti Sharma)

KPCC: Mixed-faith Hindu Weddings on the Rise

The incense was there. So was the tikka powder and the ceremonial grains of rice. So were the turbans, the saris, and the kurta pajamas. The wedding had all of the makings of a Hindu shaadi, but in one major way, it was far from traditional.

When Neil Bajpayee, a Pennsylvania-born Indian-American, made his vows in Sanskrit to Stephanie Young, a Californian raised in a non-religious family, he became the first member of his family to marry a non-Indian, non-Hindu.

Shukavak Dasa, the Hindu priest marrying the couple, had seen it all before.

Weddings between Indian-American Hindus and non-Hindus are rare. Pew Research reported  as many as 94 percent of Hindus in the U.S. were married to other Hindus in 2012. But even if interfaith Hindu weddings are uncommon now, Dasa sees them as a growing trend.

“In general Indian parents don’t like [interracial, interfaith marriages]; they would like their children to marry nice Indian boys and girls in their own community,” Dasa said, but, he added, “We have a lot of parents who are now saying, ‘I don’t really care, as long as my children are happy.”’

And that is when Dasa comes in. His specialty is interfaith Hindu weddings.

Dasa, 60, is white. He was raised in Canada in an Anglican family. He took an interest in Eastern religions as a teenager, then studied Sanskrit and Indian studies at the University of Toronto, where he earned a Ph.D. in Eastern theology. Along the way, he also became a devout practitioner of Hinduism. Then in the early ‘80s, he performed his first Hindu wedding.

“I had never even seen a Hindu wedding!” Dasa said, with a laugh.

Decades later, weddings have become Dasa’s main business. He is based in Riverside, where he is the head priest of Shri Lakshmi Narayan Temple. He performs many Hindu-to-Hindu weddings.

But word of mouth has made him a go-to officiant for Hindu mixed-religious weddings, not just in Southern California, but also worldwide. He has married couples around the U.S. and in places as far away as Russia and Hong Kong.

Dasa said that when he started out, there were few Hindu priests in California. But as South Asian communities have grown in the state, so has the demand for wedding officiants. And he has noticed Hindu priests finding niches.

“The Gujarati priest will work with the Gujarati community, the Punjabi priest will work with the Punjabi community, and so on like that,” Dasa said, “The typical scenario for me is, a young Hindu boy or girl goes off to college, falls in love with a Jewish, Christian or non-Hindu partner and wants to get married. ‘Oh, God, what can you do? Call the priest who can put one foot in both worlds.’”

Dasa, who is on faculty at the Claremont School of Theology, applies classroom-teaching skills while officiating weddings, taking time to explain Hindu customs. During the Bajpayee-Young wedding in Pasadena last May, he coached the bride’s parents through Sanskrit prayers and explained the symbolism behind the small flame, the flower garlands, and each part of the ceremony to the diverse crowd.

Bajpayee pointed out that many of his Hindu relatives had never understood what had been going on during their own weddings. “There’s just this norm in Hindu ceremonies that it’s not understandable sometimes,” he said, adding that his family members enjoyed Dasa’s informative approach to the ceremony.

Dasa is willing to customize ceremonies to fit the wishes of the couple. Bajpayee and Young, for example, asked for a shortened version of a traditional Hindu ceremony, which sometimes can last hours.

Dasa also worked with the couple to create a ceremony with more equal gender roles.

“One of the vows, literally if you translated it, was like, ‘As your wife I promise to cook you a hot meal every night,’” Young said, “I looked at it not with a lot of judgment, but I thought if I were to go through this, I wouldn’t want that.”

Dasa knows not every Hindu would agree with his willingness to occasionally break traditions. But he feels that adaptability is important for keeping millennia-old customs relevant.

Dasa, who said it took his own parents several years to feel comfortable with his conversion to Hinduism, understands some families’ hesitations about their children straying from the flock.

“I know for a fact that a Christian marrying a Hindu is not going to be as Christian and a Hindu is not going to be as Hindu, in general. So in some ways, we’re facilitating the watering down [of faith],” Dasa said. “But the other side of it is, we’re facilitating life.”

Dasa has a wife of nearly 40 years who is also a Hindu. Together, they have nine adult children, a few of whom are married. Some have chosen to have Hindu weddings, others have chosen blended or secular ceremonies. Though Dasa is a man of devout faith, he said he is happy to see his children, as well as the hundreds of young couples who he has married, choose their own spiritual paths.

Weddings, regardless of their religious style, Dasa said, “are all joyous.”

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INTERSECTIONS SOUTH LA: Watts Village Theater Company’s new artistic director tells a tale of coming home

On a Tuesday night in late April, the five members of the creative team behind Watts Village Theater Company’s upcoming  “Meet Me @Metro” program gathered for their first round of auditions. Sitting at the end of the table was Lynn Manning, who started as the company’s new artistic director early this year.

“I was hesitant [to take over as artistic director] because I was enjoying being out of the game for the few months that I had been out of it,” Manning said in an interview. “I had been able to focus on my own personal career.”

But for Manning, taking on the role of artistic director is something of a homecoming. One of the company’s original founders, he is returning after a brief hiatus from the company.

Manning, 58, is a seasoned performer, playwright and poet, but his path to show business has hardly been traditional. For one thing, he happens to be blind. He lost his eyesight after being shot in the face 35 years ago. It’s just one piece of a rocky history he has had with his hometown of Los Angeles.

Home has proven to be such a complicated subject for Manning that he chose to explore it as the theme of the first show that he will lead as artistic director of the Watts Village Theater Company.

During auditions Manning, the show’s two directors, and the show’s curator Gamal Palmer looked for actors who could write, play music, and who could creatively approach the subject of home.

“What does home mean to you?” Palmer asked one actress who came to audition.

“It’s more of a feeling,” the young woman said, speaking of heart, family, and warmth.

For many people, home does bring warm feelings. For Manning, it’s not so simple.

“Home isn’t always a positive place to go,” Manning said. “In fact, sometimes home is a place you need to get away from.”

One of nine children, Manning was born to a single mother in South Los Angeles.

“She eventually crawled into a bottle and neglected us,” Manning said.

Around age 10, Manning, along with his eight siblings, began a migratory journey around Los Angeles, moving from foster care to group homes. Even with an unstable upbringing, Manning had begun to find his path by his early 20s. He finished high school and had even started working as a counselor at the group home in the Mid Wilshire District where he had spent his teenage years. Then, at the age of 23, Manning went out to a bar in Hollywood where he got into a fight with a stranger. Later that night, the stranger returned with a gun and shot Manning in the head. Manning was spared his life, but lost his vision.

“There was a need to redefine my dreams after that,” Manning said.

He had had an interest in pursuing painting, but with visual art no longer an option, he began studying at the Braille Institute and taking English classes at LACC. Poetry became his creative outlet. Manning said he was surprised to find poetry and performing arts came so naturally to him.

“None of this stuff was a part of my life as a kid growing up. My South Central life didn’t involve theater; it didn’t involve poetry beyond greeting card stuff,” Manning said. “I didn’t know this stuff could speak to me.”

The support of the artistic community gave Manning a feeling of encouragement.

“The audience response to my poetry recitals got me interested in the performer-audience dynamic,” Manning said. “I needed some more of that immediate gratification, so I got into acting.”

A televised production of David Rabe’s 1976 play “Streamers” was the first piece of theater to inspire him, Manning said.

“At the time I saw it I was living in a group home where homophobia and fear of cohabiting with different races of people was an issue,” Manning said. “When I saw that play I saw people I knew. I saw circumstances that I was familiar with. I wanted to be able to tell stories like that.”

When Manning began to study acting he felt even more need to share his experiences onstage.

“In my scene work I played characters that weren’t [visually impaired],” Manning said. “That was good, but I thought there were stories to be told about living blind in a sighted world.”

His first play, a one-act called “Shoot!” about a blind man trying to buy a gun, caught the attention of the Mark Taper Forum’s writing workshop and was later published in the anthology “Beyond Victims and Villains: Contemporary Plays by Disabled Writers.” He also won a Drama-Logue Critics Award for his trilogy of plays, “Beyond the Blink.”  But while his fictional works were successful, it was his own story that gained him international recognition. His autobiographical solo show “Weights,” took him from Los Angeles to the Kennedy Center earning him an NAACP award, and praise in the L.A. Times and New York Times along the way. Since 2001, he has performed his life story at a festival for blind actors in Croatia, the world famous Edinburgh Fringe Festival in Scotland, and The Adelaide Fringe Festival in Australia. Just this April, he performed the play for an international high school in France. Manning’s solo career was taking him around the world, but his personal and creative roots remained in South L.A.

He had founded the Watts Village Theater Company in 1996 with fellow actor, Quentin Drew. Their mission had been to bring professional quality theater into the underserved South L.A. community of Watts. Before Drew died of cancer in 2005, Manning said they had discussed the possibility of him taking over as artistic director of the company. But Manning declined because he did not feel right for the role. He was enjoying a solo career, he knew the amount of work required to run a community theater, and his creative endeavors were already becoming a burden on his marriage, which ended in 2011. When Drew’s successor, Guillermo Aviles-Rodriguez resigned as artistic director at the end of 2012, Manning was asked a second time if he would take on the responsibility of leading the company.

“They could have done a citywide search and put the word out,” said John Freeland Jr., a longtime friend of Manning’s and stage manager for “Meet Me @Metro,” “but to bring a whole other energy in who doesn’t understand what the condition of the company is—it could be daunting for someone. Lynn knows the ins and outs, so it was just natural.”

Manning had a strong personal connection with the Watts Village Theater Company, but he had not envisioned himself as the company’s creative leader. Now that he has been in the role for a few months, Manning said he is “enjoying being able to map out future productions for the company.”

But the first production Manning was called upon to lead was the company’s most well known. “Meet Me @Metro” is a project that the Watts Village Theater Company has produced annually for the past three years. It invites playgoers to ride the Metro line—a different route every year—hop off, then watch performances near the stops. Last year, the production grew to include several Metro stops and dozens of performers.

“It was a long thing and it got longer,” Manning said, with a quiet laugh. “[Last year’s production] was fairly interminable.”

In addition to its length, Manning worried the production was losing its artistic value and its connection to Watts. Under Manning’s direction, “Meet Me @Metro” which will take place on Memorial Day weekend, will be much simpler. He has chosen to limit the show to the two Metro stops in Watts.

Depicting Los Angeles is important to Manning. He describes his main mission as telling South L.A. stories that don’t usually appear onstage.

But Manning acknowledges that his Los Angeles, heavy with the memories of a childhood in foster care, is not the only version of the city. In fact, Manning has surrounded himself with a creative team with a variety of backgrounds. He is the only L.A. native among them. He hopes the diversity of perspectives will make show’s theme will work.

As Ryan Anderson, one of the directors on the production explained, “the theme of home is just such a universal one that no matter what we do, there’s going to be a relationship. There’s going to be something somebody can connect with wherever they live.”

Manning’s goal is not so much to explain and depict his experience of home to theatergoers—that’s what he has already done with his solo play around the world. Instead, for his first big production after his return to the Watts Village Theater Company, he is inviting audiences and artists from around Los Angeles to converge in his home, South L.A., and share their ideas with him.

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INTERSECTIONS SOUTH LA: South LA corner stores try to get healthy

There’s not a lot of merchandise on the shelves at Oak’s Jr. Market these days. The refrigerators along the wall keep some beers and sodas cool. A shelf stores canned chili and Aunt Jemima syrup. But the shelves below the sign that reads “Fresh Produce” sit vacant, waiting to be filled with fruits and vegetables.

Gus Harris Jr., the store’s owner, has been slimming down his merchandise in preparation for big changes. Within the next few months, this modest shop on the corner of Jefferson and Fifth Avenue in Jefferson Park will begin a transformation into a healthier version of its current self. Harris keeps a copy of the plans for the store’s redesign right behind the counter.

“They’ll open this up all the way to the back wall,” he says, pointing to the sketched shelving units on the well-worn pages.

Harris gestures to the row of soda vending machines in front of the store saying, “There’ll be tables and chairs outside where people can drink coffee.”

Harris’ will be one of the first stores to be converted by the Community Redevelopment Agency and the Los Angeles Food Policy Council as part of the organizations’ Community Market Conversion program. The program is attempting to promote healthy eating around the city, especially in South L.A., an area often classified as a “food desert” for its lack of full-service grocery stores and its high density of fast food restaurants.

Unhealthy food has health consequences

“This community needs better food, more nutritional food,” said Reverend Eugene Marzette of the Trinity Baptist Church, just five blocks away from Oak’s Jr. Market. “There are a lot of people who won’t go to the big grocery stores because they just don’t have transportation.”  Marzette added that he has witnessed nutrition-related health issues “running rampant” among his parishioners.

Rates of obesity and related illnesses, such as coronary heart disease and diabetes, are consistently higher in South L.A. than in most of L.A. County, according to the county Department of Public Health. Research by Community Health Councils Inc. found that life expectancy in South L.A. is eight years shorter than in West L.A. and cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of premature death in the area. The Food Policy Council hopes that freshening up stores like Oak’s Jr. Market will improve those issues.

At Oak’s Jr. Market, the remodel will be the first major overhaul the store has had since Harris became the store’s owner about 30 years ago. An L.A. native, Harris came across the store for sale when he worked as a delivery truck driver for a bread company. Since he took over, he has strived to make his store a fixture in the Jefferson Park community.

“I have parents that tell their children, ‘Go to Oak’s and I’ll get you when I get there,’” Harris said. “I’ve been here long enough that the children have grown up and they bring their children. And so you become part of the family.”

When not busy with the store, Harris has sought out other ways to connect with his community as well. He serves as a member of his Neighborhood Council and on the Jefferson Park Improvement Project.

Project slowed by CRA demise

It was this neighborhood involvement that caught the attention of the Community Redevelopment Agency. The agency, which created the Community Market Conversion program, drew up plans to revitalize Oak’s Jr. Market along with three other South L.A. stores: Mama’s Chicken on Slauson Avenue, Las Palmas Carniceria on Central Avenue, and Money Saver Meats on Florence Avenue.

Clare Fox, strategic initiatives coordinator for the Los Angeles Food Policy Council, said that the Community Redevelopment Agency promised to invest about $75,000 in each of the four stores. But when the agency was dissolved in a State Supreme Court decision in 2011, the plans for the stores started seeing long delays while the Community Redevelopment Agency began to finish its open projects and the Food Policy Council prepared to take over the next phase of the program. Harris has been waiting about two years to finally see his store transform.

“We’re all just trying to keep our spirits up,” Harris said of the storeowners, adding that he is excited to be moving forward. “It better happen soon. I’m running out of money,” he joked.

Harris downsized his merchandise and his staff in preparation for his store’s overhaul. He had two employees, but now he runs the store by himself. When the store gets its facelift and its first loads of healthier foods, Harris is confident business will pick up.The four stores undergoing renovation will serve as a test run for future store conversions. Fox said that at this point, the evidence that transforming a neighborhood liquor store into a healthy purveyor of produce actually translates to better business and healthier communities is, for the most part, anecdotal. She said she hopes the future success of Oak’s Jr. Market and the other three stores undergoing conversions will provide the Council with the hard numbers they need to attract other market owners to the program.

When the Food Policy Council took on the Community Market Conversion program from the Community Redevelopment Agency, the Council changed its strategy for encouraging market transformations. The Food Policy Council is working on developing a future program that will offer small grants to market owners. But in its current incarnation, the Council is offering loans of about $20,000 to $40,000 to small business owners looking to get healthy on their own.

Harris will still receive grant-funded money from the Community Redevelopment Agency for his store’s makeover, but he supports the Food Policy Council’s new loan program.

“Mom and pop stores never would have been able to get a loan before,” he said.

Financial risks in healthy grocery business

Starting a healthy grocery business can be financially risky. A storeowner can buy bags of potato chips cheaply in bulk and keep them on the shelf for a long time. A bag of salad greens, on the other hand, requires refrigeration and if it doesn’t sell, it will go bad at the expense of the vendor.

Fox said that’s the reason the Community Market Conversion program includes not just financial assistance but business advice.

“We don’t want anyone to lose money,” Fox said. “We want them to think, ‘Ah! This is a new and thriving part of my business.’”

Her organization has started holding small conferences for mom and pop market owners with workshops covering how to obtain food permits, design a floor plan that appeals to customers, and store produce in a way that keeps it fresh longer.

Though South L.A. has about half the number of full-service grocery stores per capita than West L.A., according to Community Health Councils Inc., Fox said the idea is not just to bring big retailers to the neighborhood.

“It’s basically investing in the [area’s] existing food retail landscape,” she said.

Harris knows his small store might never compete with the big names, but hopes converting his store will make him a convenient, healthy resource to his neighbors.

“[Customers] will come in and they will buy a candy bar or they will buy a bag of chips,” Harris said, “We would like to replace those candy bars and bags of chips with a fresh apple or a fresh orange.”

Read this story on Intersections South LA

INTERSECTIONS SOUTH LA: Tackling gun violence in South LA

Ben “Taco” Owens lifts up the sleeve of his gray, button-up shirt to reveal the full length of the deep scar along his right arm. He was shot twice in 1989 after a gang member asked him what he calls “the most dangerous question in the world,” and a common prelude to gang shootings: “Where are you from?”

Owens is from Los Angeles. And as his scar reminds everyone in the room, he is intimately familiar with gun violence in the city.

“How many people here have been shot?” he asks the attendees of the Southern California Cease Fire Committee’s meeting on gun violence. He and one other man raise their hands.

He rephrases the question, “How many people here have been shot at?” Almost all of the 21 people present raise a hand.

The Southern California Cease Fire Committee, a group that works to reduce gang violence through conflict mediation and community activism, gathered Wednesday evening, just hours after U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee hearings began on gun violence in America. But unlike national politicians, the people assembled in the basement room of a community center on Vermont Avenue and 80th Street are not policy makers. Nor is their meeting anything out of the ordinary. They met on Wednesday—as they have every week for the past eight years—for an open discussion about gun violence.

The people at the meeting, like Owens, have personal, often tragic, histories with guns. Vicky Lindsey, an executive board member of the committee, for example, lost her 19-year-old son to gunfire in 1995.

“He was shot inside the car. They rode around and let him die. He choked on his own blood,” Lindsey said.

Stories like Lindsey’s and Owens’ are what make the communities of South L.A. the most violent in the city. In fact, within about a mile radius of the building where the group meets, the LAPD reported nine homicides in the past year.

Los Angeles—South L.A. included—has witnessed a dramatic decrease in crime in recent years. Last year’s tally of 298 homicides citywide was less than half the number in 2002. 2012 also saw a 10 percent decrease in gang-related crimes from the previous year.

But South L.A. continues to shoulder an unequal share of the violence. With just over 600,000 residents, The LAPD’s South Bureau, which covers South L.A. is the smallest of the department’s four bureaus and accounts for less than 20 percent of the city’s total population. But in 2011, nearly half of homicides in Los Angeles took place in South L.A. The LAPD spends more per capita policing South L.A. than any other part of the city.

“Unless it’s over with, it makes no difference. Unless we’re down to zero homicides it doesn’t matter,” Lindsey said.

The people seated in a circle around folding tables in the meeting go around the room, taking turns to share personal stories and vent frustrations about their community. The meetings, Owens admits, are sometimes just “preaching to the choir.”

Not everyone in attendance agrees on the cause of violence or the best solution for it though. Some gun owners in the room admit to feeling safer with a gun at home to defend their families. One man describes not wanting anyone to find out that his home was the only one in the neighborhood without a gun inside. Another man says the reason he chooses not to keep a gun is because he knows he would be tempted to use it. “I’m a shooter,” he says.

The group touches on religion, race, mental illness, parenting, violent video games, and generational differences—many of the same themes that come up in national discussions of gun control.

Even so, members of the Southern California Cease Fire Committee don’t all feel confident in politicians’ abilities to solve gun violence.

“Whatever decision is made on Capitol Hill isn’t going to impact people in the urban communities,” said Owens. A ban on assault rifles or high capacity magazines, he said, would make little difference in gang crimes committed with handguns.

Lindsey echoed his sentiments.

“Gun violence is what it is. It has nothing to do with the laws they make because criminals aren’t going to follow the laws they make anyways,” she said.

The group brainstorms a few simple tactics for promoting the idea of ceasing fire. One woman suggests lawn signs to blanket the neighborhood with the message. The general consensus in this meeting is that the key to improving the problem is not to change laws but to invigorate the community.

“Newtown cares about Newtown. We don’t care about us,” Lindsey said, speaking before the group, noting the attention paid to the Connecticut community after the Dec. 14 slayings of 20 children and six adults, compared to what she perceives to be a lack of local interest in the scores of homicides that happen annually in South L.A. “This meeting should be packed,” she said.

The unfortunate fact of the matter, Owens said, is that in some communities of L.A., gun violence is just “business as usual.”

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NEON TOMMY: LA’s mayoral candidates vie for African American votes

Chrystal Lee wasn’t shy about asking L.A. City Councilwoman and mayoral candidate Jan Perry and L.A. County District Attorney Jackie Lacey to pose for a photo with her two daughters, Sarah, 16 and Love, 5 months.

“It’s Martin Luther King’s birthday, and we have the Presidential inauguration,” Lee said. “Not only that, but we have Jan Perry and Jackie Lacey here. So that’s history on top of history on top of history. This is something I had to do to create a memory for my girls.”

Lee was one of about 400 attendees at the annual Martin Luther King Jr. Community Breakfast hosted by the San Fernando Valley African American Leadership Organization in the gym of the Pacoima Boys and Girls Club.

Lacey, the first woman and first African American to serve as D.A., was the keynote speaker at this morning’s event and as San Fernando Valley African American Leadership Organization president Robert Winn introduced her, he described how proud Martin Luther King Jr. might be today to see the diversity of local elected officials. He highlighted the important role African Americans play in L.A. politics.

He’s right. According to Raphael Sonenshein, executive director of the Pat Brown Institute at California State University, Los Angeles and author of “Politics in Black and White: Race and Power in Los Angeles,” African Americans have played a significant role in Los Angeles politics in recent decades.

“The African American vote was the core of the rise of liberal politics in Los Angeles,” Sonenshein said.

In mayoral elections, like the one that will decide Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa’s successor this spring, the African American vote is especially important. Though only about one in ten Angelenos is African American, Sonenshein said, “After [Mayor Tom Bradley’s] five terms, the candidate who wins a majority of the black vote—with one exception, Richard Riordan—has won the election.”

For Chrystal Lee the choice in the upcoming mayoral election is obvious.

“When I heard that [Jan Perry] was running for mayor—oh my god—that just made my heart happy,” she said.

Lee dislikes Villaraigosa as a mayor because, as she sees it, “He only has his political interests at heart, he’s not really concerned about what’s going on.”

By contrast, Lee said, “Any time the community is having any [event] I always see [Jan Perry] there and I like that. I like that she’s an easily accessible person. She’s really down-to-earth. She’s a likable person.”

If Jan Perry is elected, she will be the second African American and the first woman to serve as the city’s mayor. Perry emphasizes that she is campaigning to all Angelenos though, saying she wants votes based on her track record as a City Councilwoman and that she wants black voters to know, “Your voices will be heard, as will everyone’s voice.”

Robert Winn supports Jan Perry for mayor too. However, he said members of his organization, which represents black churches, businesses, and community organizations in the Valley, have varying opinions on the election.

“We’re trying to elect the best person—if they’re not African American, so be it. As long as they’re representing the diversity of the community, that’s what we’re mostly concerned about,” Winn said, adding that he doesn’t want only black politicians in office, but a group of leaders that represents L.A.’s entire population.

If Jan Perry doesn’t make the final run off for mayor following the March 5 primary, Winn said he will support City Councilman Eric Garcetti. “Eric represents every diverse corner of the city,” he said.

Sonenshein said Garcetti is leading among Latino voters and tends to appeal to a multiracial constituency. Garcetti made nods to both African American and Latino communities when he spoke at the Empowerment Congress Summit Mayoral Candidates Forum at USC’s Bovard Auditorium on Saturday, taking time to acknowledge Martin Luther King Day and President Obama’s inauguration during his opening remarks then sending out a “thank you” in Spanish during his closing statement. He also marched in the annual Kingdom Day Parade in South L.A. on Saturday morning.

City Controller and mayoral candidate Wendy Greuel did not attend any local Martin Luther King Day events today because she had to go out of town for family reasons. However, her campaign has not lost sight of reaching out to African Americans. She recently opened a field office on Crenshaw Blvd. in South L.A. and lists over 70 African American endorsements on the “African Americans with Wendy” section of her campaign website.

Sonenshein pointed out that Greuel often refers to her early political career working for Tom Bradley, the first, and to-date only, African American mayor of Los Angeles, when campaigning in South L.A.

As of now, Garcetti and Greuel lead the race in terms of fund raising and poll numbers. After the March 5 primary, if no candidate has a clear majority of votes, the top two candidates will participate in a run off election on May 21.

Perry currently leads among African American voters, but if she doesn’t make the run off, Sonenshein said whoever gets the endorsements from African American elected officials like City Councilman Bernard Parks, County Supervisor Mark Ridley-Thomas, or Congresswoman Maxine Waters will have a better shot at L.A.’s African American votes.

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